Geographic The astronomic prime meridian at Greenwich, England. The recommendation was based on the argument that naming Greenwich as Longitude 0º would be of advantage to the largest number of people. The second was that in the late 19th century, 72% of the world's commerce depended on sea-charts which used Greenwich as the Prime Meridian. The first was that the USA had already chosen Greenwich as the basis for its own national time zone system. Ultimately the outcome was as follows: there would be only one prime meridian, the prime meridian was to cross and pass at Greenwich (which was the 0°), there would be two longitude direction up to 180° (east being plus and west being minus), there will be a universal day, and the day begins at the mean midnight of the initial meridian. Twenty-six countries were present at the International Meridian Conference to vote on an international prime meridian. As a result, a Conference was held in 1884, in Washington, D.C. Main article: International Meridian Conferenceīecause of a growing international economy, there was a demand for a set international prime meridian to make it easier for worldwide traveling which would, in turn, enhance international trading across countries. (post meridiem) used to disambiguate hours of the day when utilizing the 12-hour clock. The same Latin stem gives rise to the terms a.m. Likewise, the Sun crosses the celestial meridian at the same time. The term meridian comes from the Latin meridies, meaning "midday" the subsolar point passes through a given meridian at solar noon, midway between the times of sunrise and sunset on that meridian. Multiple locations for the geographical meridian meant that there was inconsistency, because each country had their own guidelines for where the prime meridian was located. Many years later around the 19th century there were still concerns of the prime meridian. This prime meridian was used to provide measurement of the earth, but had many problems because of the lack of latitude measurement. The first prime meridian was set by Eratosthenes in 200 BCE. The length of a meridian on a modern ellipsoid model of Earth ( WGS 84) has been estimated as 20,003.93 km (12,429.87 mi). A meridian is half of a great circle on Earth's surface. On a Mercator projection or on a Gall-Peters projection, each meridian is perpendicular to all circles of latitude. The position of a point along the meridian is given by that longitude and its latitude, measured in angular degrees north or south of the Equator. In other words, it is a line of longitude. In geography and geodesy, a meridian is the locus connecting points of equal longitude, which is the angle (in degrees or other units) east or west of a given prime meridian (currently, the IERS Reference Meridian). Meridians run between the North and South poles. JSTOR ( July 2018) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Meridian" geography – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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